Guide to the Rhode Island State Home and School records, 1885-2008

(bulk 1885-1960, 2001-2008)


Special Collections, James P. Adams Library.
Rhode Island College
600 Mount Pleasant Ave
Providence, RI, 02908
Tel: 401-456-8380
email:digitalcommons@ric.edu

Published in 2023

Collection Overview

Title: Rhode Island State Home and School records
Date range: 1885-2008, (bulk 1885-1960, 2001-2008)
Creator: Rhode Island. State Home and School for Dependent and Neglected Children.
Extent: 7.05 cubic feet
Abstract: The collection contains the records of, and relating to, the Rhode Island State Home and School. The records reflect the lives of the children who lived in the Home between the late nineteenth century to mid-twentieth century.
Language of materials: English
Repository: Special Collections, James P. Adams Library.
Collection number: MSS-0039

Scope & content

The collection contains the records of the Rhode Island State Home and School which detail the identities and lives of the children who were placed in and out of the home. The collection also includes research projects, articles, clippings, programs, interviews, and typed transcripts relating to Rhode Island College’s Oral History Project on the State Home and School.

Access Points

Subject Names Subject Organizations Subject Topics Geographical Names Document Types

Arrangement

The collection has been arranged into the following series and subseries:

  • Series 1: State Home and School ledgers; 1885-1971
  • Subseries 1a: Visitors log; 1885-1918
  • Subseries 1b: Isolation register; 1936-1959
  • Subseries 1c: Intake ledgers; 1885-1971
  • Series 2: Historical information and related projects; 1912, 1940-2008
  • Series 3: Oral history project records; 2001-2006

Biographical/Historical Note

Established in 1884, the State Home and School for Children was one of America’s first post-Civil Var public orphanages and the first state home for dependent, neglected, delinquent, and disabled children in Rhode Island. It consisted of dormitories for boys and girls, a hospital, school, chapel, farm, greenhouses, icehouse, and cemetery that were added over the years. Many efforts have been undertaken to preserve the grounds, specifically the Yellow Cottage, one of the original dormitories and the last remaining building of the Home. In 1948, the State Home was renamed the O’Rourke Children’s Center. Over its 100-year history, the State Home became several different institutions with its mission and role constantly changing. In 1977, the Rhode Island legislature called for the Home’s closure due to mistreatment. Following its closure in May of 1979, its functions were taken over by the Department of Children, Youth and Families (DCYF) in 1980. Currently, Rhode Island College’s east campus includes the former grounds of the State Home/Children’s Center.

Access & Use

Access to the collection: As the State Home and School ledgers (series 1) contain sensitive information regarding persons who may still be living, they are closed for a period of 72 years from the date of the last entry, which parallels the schedule for release of federal census information. Ledgers containing medical information are restricted for 100 years from date of the last entry. Photography or reproductions of the restrcited ledgers will not be allowed without the permission of the Rhode Island College Special Collections Librarian. Reproductions may be redacted by Special Collections staff prior to dissemination. The unrestricted portions of volumes which also contain restricted data may be viewed under close supervision of the Special Collections Librarian. Scholars who desire statistical information from the records may be, at the discretion of the Special Collections Librarian, permitted to view the records, though no notes may be taken regarding names of children. Additionally, two oral histories in the collection (series 3) are also restricted and will be redacted by Special Collections staff prior to researcher access. Please contact Rhode Island College Special Collections regarding access to this collection.
Use of the materials: Researchers are advised to contact Rhode Island College Special Collections for questions regarding permissions to reproduce, distribute, or otherwise publish material from this collection. Although Rhode Island College has physical ownership of the collection, it does not necessarily hold literary rights. It is up to the researcher to determine the owners of the literary rights and to obtain any necessary permissions from them.
Alternate form: The collection includes CDs, DVDs, audiocassettes, and VHS that are only available in digital format and are available for listening and viewing in the Rhode Island College Special Collections Reading Room. For more information about potential distance access to these records, please contact the Rhode Island College Special Collections.
Preferred citation: State Home and School records, MSS-0039, Special Collections, James P. Adams Library, Rhode Island College.
Contact information: Special Collections, James P. Adams Library.
Rhode Island College
600 Mount Pleasant Ave
Providence, RI, 02908
Tel: 401-456-8380
email:digitalcommons@ric.edu

Administrative Information

ABOUT THE COLLECTION  
Acquisition: The ledgers were formally transferred by DCYF to Rhode Island College in 2006. Other materials in the collection (series 2 and 3) were added to the collection by Rhode Island College Special Collections staff or transferred to Special Collections by their creators.
Custodial history: It is believed the ledgers in this collection were held in the Rhode Island Department of Education Offices at 22 Hayes St in Providence as the State Home and School was under the administrative mantle of the Department of Education. There was a fire in the building, which may have resulted in damage to some of the ledgers. The records were transferred to Rhode Island College circa 1976 when the Department of Children, Youth, and Families (DCYF) was formed. The ledgers were kept in the basement of Building 9 on RIC’s campus until the mid-1990s. They were then housed in the office of the Associate Director of DCYF.
Processing information: A majority of the ledgers in this collection (series 1) were initially described by Sandra Enos, a RIC Sociology Department Professor, in 2001. In 2023, the items in series 2 and 3 were added to the collection and the collection described by Special Collections intern, Melissa Moniz, under the direction of Digital Archivist and Special Collections Librarian, Veronica L. Denison. Additional material was added and described by Denison in 2024.
ABOUT THE FINDING AID  
Author: Finding aid prepared by Melissa Moniz and Veronica L. Denison.
Encoding: This finding aid was encoded by Veronica L. Denison, 2023.
Descriptive rules: Finding aid based on Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS)

Additional Information

Related material: Rhode Island State Archives has additional collections of the State Home and School, Rhode Island Department of Social Welfare, and the Rhode Island Department of Children, Youth, and Families.
Separated material: Books were removed and added to the Special Collections Rare Books Collections: A copy of “Young Folks’ Uncle Tom’s Cabin” that was from the State Home and School, and a Bible given to a resident of the State Home and School in 1949, which was then donated to Special Collections by Ann Gordon. The ledgers in the collection were cleaned and repaired by Northeast Document Conservation Center (NEDCC). Several of the ledgers were rebound for preservation purposes with the original bindings returned to Special Collections separately. Additionally, several blank pages that were heavily stained or damaged from water and/or mold were removed from some ledgers by NEDCC. Fitted enclosures were also made for every ledger. The information in the ledgers was not impacted and the integrity of the items remains intact. There is evidence, however, that some ledger pages were removed prior to the ledgers being repaired by NEDCC and being transferred to RIC Special Collections. The appearance of missing pages is noted in the initial NEDCC preservation assessment completed in 2006. Please contact Special Collections for further information.
Location/Existence of copies: The collection includes CDs, DVDs, audiocassettes, and VHS that are only available in digital format and are available for listening and viewing in the Rhode Island College Special Collections Reading Room. For more information about potential distance access to these records, please contact the Rhode Island College Special Collections.
Other information:
    Works used in preparation of inventory:
    Morenon, E. Pierre. Rediscovering Lost Innocence: Archaeology at the State Home and School. Rowman & Littlefield, 2018.
    “Stories from the Rhode Island State Home and School.” YouTube, uploaded by Rhode Island College. 2 Mar. 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=NRxYRF05t28.

Inventory


Series 1. State Home and School ledgers, 1885-1971
4 cubic feet

Note: Ledgers 4 and 28 are restricted for 72 years from the date of the last entry in the ledger due to the presence of sensitive information regarding persons who are still living. This parallels the schedule for release of federal census information. Ledger 2 is restricted for 100 years from the date of the last entry due to containing medical information. Photography or reproductions of the ledgers will not be allowed without the permission of the Rhode Island College Special Collections Librarian. Reproductions may be redacted by Special Collections staff prior to dissemination. The unrestricted portions of volumes which also contain restricted data may be viewed under close supervision of the Special Collections Librarian. Scholars who desire statistical information from the records may be, at the discretion of the Special Collections Librarian, permitted to view the records, though no notes may be taken regarding names of children. Photography of the restricted ledgers is not allowed.

Series 1. Subseries 1a. Visitors log, 1885-1918
0.2 cubic feet

The subseries contains a visitors log that includes the name of visitor, agency or town, position, and date of visit. Later entries include relationship to child, child’s name, and city or town. There is a time lapse in the log from 1905 to April 7, 1913. Later dates detail levels in changes of information on visitors’ relationship to children. In later entries, the date of the visit is not given, but instead visitors are grouped by the month in which they visited.

Container Description Date
Ledger 1 Visitors log
1885 July 28- 1918 July 6

Series 1. Subseries 1b. Isolation register, 1936-1959
0.2 cubic feet

The subseries contains an isolation (due to illness) register that usually includes the name of the child, the date and reason for visit, and a file number; some entries also show action, such as if they were transfer to Exeter; and a discharge date. However, throughout the register, there are differences in the level of information provided.

Container Description Date
Ledger 2 Isolation register
General Note:
    Restricted until 2059 due to the presence of medical information

1936 October 24-1959 August 30

Series 1. Subseries 1c. Intake ledgers, 1885-1971
3.6 cubic feet

Names of ledgers taken from initial description and embossed titles on them. The listings in the ledgers often include the child’s name, reference number, town and state of origin, date committed, age, year of maturity, nativity, and religion. Some of the intake ledgers also detail the parents’ conditions, placements, and ability to care for children. Some include indentured information of children, including indenture case number, guardian name, town and city, and P.O. Box. Adoption and adoption name are also included. In most ledgers, there are additional remarks on the case on the right page, including whether the child was removed from the home and re-placed or whether the child was moved to Sockanosett. In items 5-10, children are listed alphabetically with cross-references to individual page numbers. In items 11-18, 21, and 23-27, entries on individual pages include management issues at the facility, like ice cutting, as well as the hiring and discharging of staff. There are pages titled “Children received” which include case number, child name, arrival date, date of birth, and age of child. There are also records of children placed in homes, returned from homes, information on vacation leaves by staff, and those hired and those that left employment. However, items 17 and 21 exclude employee information. Some ledgers include additional information not stated above, however this is noted in the individual item list when applicable.

Container Description Date
Ledger 3 Ledger
Contents Note: The ledger contains account information of certain children at the facility. On the numbered pages, records show date, child’s name, account brought forward from another ledger, amount received, amount adjusted for expenses, and a balance for each account. Outstanding balances were given to children at discharge. There is a receipt signed by the Superintendent in the amount of $25. Individual records are shown for children with last names starting with BA to BL. All other pages (61-189) are missing.

circa 1922
Ledger 4 Large ledger
Contents Note: Includes date of commitment, child’s name, worker initials, placement date, and return date. If applicable, dates to and from the infirmary, and if/when they ran away and if/when they returned. The ledger also includes information on placements at Sockanosett, Exeter, and the date the children’s information was sent to the Census Office. In a latter part of the ledgers, there are entries whether a letter was sent to the parent(s), date the child was sent to other institutions if applicable, and notations of religion and birthplace.

General Note:
    Restricted until 2031

1945 December- 1959 March
Ledger 5 History
Contents Note: Includes information about casework, reasons for entry into the State Home and School, and difficulty of placing children. The information on indenture indicates places where people originated from to adopt the children.

1885-1892
Ledger 6 History No. 2
1892-1898
Ledger 7 History
1898-1903
Ledger 8 History No. 6
1913-1916
Ledger 9 History
1916-1918
Ledger 10 History
1918-1921
Ledger 11 Diary
1906
Ledger 12 Standard diary
1907
Ledger 13 Standard diary
1910
Ledger 14 Standard diary
1911
Ledger 15 Standard diary
1912
Ledger 16 Standard diary
1913
Ledger 17 Standard diary
1914
Ledger 18 Standard diary
1915
Ledger 19 Standard diary
1916
Ledger 20 Standard diary
1917
Ledger 21 Standard diary
1919
Ledger 22 Standard diary
Contents Note: Most daily pages are blank. There are various lists at the end of the diary. “Children transferred” includes name of child, place child came from and where they were going, a file cross-reference number, and an indication whether the place was free (F) or boarding (B). “Children placed in home” includes name of child, where they were placed, date, and file cross-reference number. “Children placed in institutions” and “Returned from institutions” includes date, name of child, and institution name. “Officers hired” includes name, date hired, position filled, and rate paid. “Officers resigned” includes date, name, status, returned or “out at year end.” “Children committed” includes date, name, sex, commitment number, date of birth, case number, committed by, where child came from, relatives, and cottage assignment. “Children returned” includes date, child name, return address name, whether arrangement was free or boarding.

1920
Ledger 23 Standard diary
1921
Ledger 24 Standard diary
1922
Ledger 25 Standard diary
1923
Ledger 26 Standard diary
1924
Ledger 27 Standard diary
1926
Ledger 28 Ledger
General Note:
    Restricted until 2043.

1959-1971
Ledger 29 Daily report of children at the school
1896-1897
Ledger 30 History
General Note:
    Blank/Never used

undated

Series 2. Historical information and related projects, 1912, 1940-2008
2.1 cubic feet

The series contains assorted documents pertaining to the State Home and School, including clippings, journal articles, research projects, programs, and recollections. Some information may reference the Oral History Project. Recorded footage of news segments and interviews regarding the State Home and School Project are also included.

Container Description Date
Box 1, Folder 1 A Road to the Past
2002
Box 1, Folder 2 Reports
1940 September 11-1963 December 5
Box 1, Folder 3 Photograph: Opening of new cottage
1953 January 27
Box 1, Folder 4 Clippings
undated, 2007
Box 1, Folder 5 Rhode Island College: Walking Tour into History
circa 2004
Box 1, Folder 6 R.I. Laws on the Placing Out of Children and Licensing and Regulation of Children’s Boarding Homes
1949 December 31
Box 1, Folder 7 Rhode Island College: Honoring the Past to Ensure the Future
2002
Box 1, Folder 8 “The Emergence of Child Welfare at the State Home and School, Rhode Island’s Public Orphanage”
2007
Box 1, Folder 9 “A Simple Wish”
undated
Box 1, Folder 10 The Children of the Rhode Island State Home and School
undated
Box 1, Folder 11 The Journal of Heritage Stewardship: The Rhode Island State Home and School Project
2008
Box 1, Folder 12 The Rhode Island State Home and School Project: “A Collaboration of the Arts, Archeology, and Child Welfare in the Study of a Post-Civil War Orphanage”
undated
Box 1, Folder 13 “Painful and hopeful things: Artifacts within an oral history of the State Home and School Project”
undated
Box 1, Folder 14 “The Need to Belong: The Story of the Rhode Island State Home and School for Dependent Children”
2005
Box 1, Folder 15 “Telling the story: Moving beyond the archives”
2005 November 3
Box 1, Folder 16 Oral transcript
undated
Box 1, Folder 17 “Voices of the Past: A Study into the Cultural and Social Treatment of Rhode Island’s Dependent Children from the Rhode Island State Home and School and the O’Rourke Children’s Center”
2002 February 5
Box 1, Folder 18 Research briefs
undated, 2003
Box 1, Folder 19 “From Production to Protection: The evolution of a child welfare system”
2003 January 15
Box 1, Folder 20 “All for the Union: The Civil War Diary and Letters of Elisha Hunt Rhodes” and “The Children’s Civil War”
2003
Box 1, Folder 21 AASLH History News: “The State Home and School, Providence, R.I”
2003
Box 1, Folder 22 Bridgewater State College
2002 June
Box 1, Folder 23 “History of the Dr. Patrick I. O’Rourke Children’s Center”
undated
Box 1, Folder 24 Records relating to the Rhode Island State Home and School for Children at the Rhode Island State Archives
undated
Box 1, Folder 25 Recollections
undated
Box 1, Folder 26 Bibliography
2005 October 21
Box 1, Folder 27 Correspondence
2002 October 23
Box 1, Folder 28 “What a Place: Disciplines Dig into Rhode Island Children’s Home and School”
undated, 2001
Box 1, Folder 33 Correspondence to Mrs. Grace E. Church from RI State Home and School superintendent W.A. Risk regarding the illnesses and deaths of Church’s two children, Stillman and John
1912 April
Oversize Folder 1, Item 1 Resident songs from the 1920s: “Mrs. McKay” and “State Home Sluggers” [poster board created through the Rhode Island State Home and School Project]
undated
Oversize Folder 1, Items 2-3 “Changes in the Children’s Center: 1900-2000”
undated
Oversize Folder 1, Items 4-5 “Rhode Island’s Forgotten Children” Providence Sunday Journal article
2001 April
Box 2, Item 1 Memorial Dedication Reunion (audiocassette)
2003 April 6
Box 2, Item 2 The State Home and School Project (audiocassette)
2002 July 22
Box 2, Item 3 RIC 150th Children’s Home Restoration interview with John Nazarian (VHS)
2003 April 17
Box 2, Item 4 RIC 150th Children’s Home Restoration RIC Dedication Event and Interviews (VHS)
2003 April 6
Box 2, Item 5 RIC 150th Children’s Home Restoration Interviews tape 1 of 2 (VHS)
2003 March 26
Box 2, Item 6 RIC 150th Children’s Home Restoration Interviews tape 2 of 2 (VHS)
2003 March 26
Box 2, Item 7 RIC 150th Children’s Home Restoration Interview and Leather Books (VHS)
2003 April 2
Box 2, Item 8-10 “Let us build a home for such children:” Stories from the State Home and School (CD)
undated
Box 2, Item 11-13 Dedication Ceremony (VHS)
2003
Box 2, Item 14 Sesquicentennial Fashion Show
2003 May 9
Box 3, Item 1-4 Channel 10 News footage (VHS)
2003 April 6
Box 3, Item 5-7 The Yellow Cottage Projections, Lisa Delmonico (DVD)
2005 May 4
Box 3, Item 8 The Yellow Cottage Projections, Lisa Delmonico (VHS)
2005 May 4
Box 3, Item 9 The Yellow Cottage Projections clip, Lisa Delmonico
2005 May 4
Box 3, Item 10 “Honoring the Past to Ensure the Future” (VHS)
2003 May
Box 3, Item 11 “Honoring the Past to Ensure the Future” (VHS)
2003 May
Box 3, Item 12 “Honoring the Past to Ensure the Future” (VHS)
2003 May
Box 3, Item 13 “Honoring the Past to Ensure the Future” (VHS)
2003 May
Box 3, Item 14 “Honoring the Past to Ensure the Future” (DV)
2003 May
Box 3, Item 15 State Home and School (DVD)
undated
Box 3, Item 16 “Honoring the Past to Ensure the Future” (VHS)
2003 May
Box 6 Adornments from iron gate to the superintendent’s mansion; brick removed from restoration of the Yellow Cottage in 2006; Call bell presumably from the State Home and School; RIC State Home and School project mug
undated

Series 3. Oral history project records, 2001-2006
0.95 cubic feet

The first four folders in the series were originally consolidated in a three-ring binder; all documents in the folders relate to the State Home Oral History Project, including meeting minutes, correspondence, invoices, programs, resident gathering notes, and documents regarding the Yellow Cottage. Recordings and transcripts of interviews from Rhode Island College’s Oral History Project are also included.

Container Description Date
Box 1, Folder 29 Oral history project (folder 1 of 4)
2002-2006
Box 1, Folder 30 Oral history project (folder 2 of 4)
undated, 2002-2005
Box 1, Folder 31 Oral history project (folder 3 of 4)
undated, 2001-2005
Box 1, Folder 32 Oral history project (folder 4 of 4)
undated, 2002-2005
Box 4, Folder 1 Oral history project transcript 1
General Note:
    Restricted

2003 August 26
Box 4, Folder 2 Oral history project transcript 2
2005 January 4
Box 4, Folder 3 Oral history project transcript 3
2005 January 12
Box 4, Folder 4 Oral history project transcript 4
2003 August 15
Box 4, Folder 5 Oral history project transcript 5
2003 September 10
Box 4, Folder 6 Oral history project transcript 6
2004 June 12
Box 4, Folder 7 Oral history project transcript 7
General Note:
    Restricted

2003 August 18
Box 4, Folder 8 Oral history project transcript 8
2003 November 19
Box 4, Folder 9 Oral history project transcript 9
2004 June 18
Box 4, Folder 10 Oral history project transcript 10
2004 October 14
Box 4, Folder 11 Oral history project transcript 11
2004 June 11
Box 4, Folder 12 Oral history project transcript 12
2003 August 21
Box 5 CDs and cassettes of oral history project interviews
2003-2005